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The WakeEd blog is devoted to discussing and answering questions about the major issues facing the Wake County school system as it prepares to undergo historic changes. Will the new school board scrap the diversity policy in favor of neighborhood schools? Will year-round schools be converted back to a traditional calendar? How will the new board respond to  growth and the school construction program?

WakeEd is maintained by The News & Observer's Wake schools reporter, T. Keung Hui. While Keung posts information and analysis on the issues, keep us posted on your suggestions, questions, tips and what you're doing to cope with the changes in Wake's schools.

Sixty-six elementary schools want K-3 class size waivers

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We're getting a look today at how the budget woes are impacting class sizes.

Staff will ask the school board to vote today on approving K-3 class-size waivers for 66 of Wake's 102 elementary schools. It affects 329 classes.

Because of the state revenue shortfall, Wake told principals to only fill 95 percent of their positions this year. School leaders warned that class sizes would go up.

Some critics, including Gov. Perdue's office, have said Wake should have used more of the stimulus money to retain teachers and keep class sizes from increasing.

These 329 waiver requests are likely just the tip of the iceberg.

Class sizes in grades 4-12 are above 30 students in many classes. The difference is that individual Wake schools already have waivers to exceed class sizes in those grades as part of their school improvement plan.

It's the waivers in grades K-3 that Wake needs to ask for on a case-by-case basis. Most of the classes are only one or two students above the limit of 24 kids per class in grades K-3.

But you've got some classes in the high 20s and even low 30s.

Of the 66 elementary schools requesting K-3 waivers, 37 are on a year-round calendar.

Click here for the list of schools needing waivers and how they're addressing the overly large class sizes.

Wake regularly asked for waivers last school year but not quite to this extent.

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Leesville El

So what's the deal with the extra hires at Leesville? To meet the needs in the overcrowded classrooms, I read that Leesvilee has hired:
1 fulltime TA
1 clerical assistant to help with paperworrk
1 experienced first grade teacher to help all in 1st
1 experienced second grade teacher to help all in 2nd
1 experienced teacher to help in 3rd

Could class sizes nothave been smaller by putting these folks in a regular classroom ? Did the principal load up on certain tracks to satisfy parent choice- IE did they choose large class size vs other options at the time?

When were these teachers and assisitants hired?

Leesville parents- Where are you

No answers to these questions?? 

Not sure if this is the case at Leesville

but see my post here. I hear it is harder to balance on YR due to being on different tracks. It's one thing to switch kids to a different room, but understandably another to switch them to a different track once school is started and they have the final enrollment numbers.

http://blogs.newsobserver.com/wakeed/class-size-waivers-in-state-hands#comment-119994

tax money is tax money, no matter the budget line

The money used to pay the interest and principle on those bonds is money that could be used to hire more teachers. The last bond the county approved was for $970 million, which is not free money. It has to be paid back in both principle and interest with tax money, no matter which line of the budget you put it on. Money is not just created out of thin air as you imply. The tax increase in 1999 was money primarily for debt related to the capital budget you speak of – but it is still real money that comes from taxes. How many bonds could we have saved the residents of Wake County from paying back: 2000 bond - $550,000,000, 2003 bond - $450,000,000, 2006 bond - $970,000,000, plus the other costs related to short term financing because the bonds could not be sold.

 

I still argue that we could board up and not build new schools saving more than the cost of keeping the others open year-round. It is not like everything is turned off and the windows boarded up during the summer at those traditional calendar schools, so I am not sure of the large cost savings you speak of for the summer break. A question for you that I don’t know, do teachers work more weeks or get paid more for a year-round school compared to a traditional calendar school? I would think the major cost related to schools, is as it is for everything else, is labor? If there are not savings on that end, then where are the cost savings?

 

A traditional calendar has never been shown to increase the education of children, if anything it is a detriment. The summer is a huge brain drain and it is no wonder we have to re-teach so much information each year because of what is forgotten over the wasted break. I would also argue that the small increase in enrolment for year-round schools was not due to capacity problems, but was due to parents who did not want their children to learn throughout the entire year.

 

The only argument against year-round schools I have heard that had merit was that some families had children on different tracks and that does not work. But if all schools were year-round it would be easy to guarantee families of only having to deal with one track schedule.

 

I supported the new school board on almost everything except for the stance against year-round schools. It seems very short sighted to make decisions around vacation schedules rather than educational needs.

Varying opinions

PlaybyPlay - Your opinion about YR vs traditional learning is just that - an opinion. I've actually read where some people  think that students lose more during track-out times than they do over the summer. Just saying...

 

There are many trains of thought out there, and lots of studies - and you can pick and choose which to believe and which to dismiss.

 

Here's one I like:

 

 In a 2000 Evaluation Brief, the NC Department of Public Instruction reported the results of their own study, entitled, “Year-round Schools and Achievement in North Carolina”. I quote, “the results reported here do not imply any clear advantage or disadvantage to year-round education with respect to student achievement in reading and math.”

 

 

 

 

"A traditional calendar has

"A traditional calendar has never been shown to increase the education of children, if anything it is a detriment. The summer is a huge brain drain and it is no wonder we have to re-teach so much information each year because of what is forgotten over the wasted break."

 

Brain drain? Wasted break? I don't relate. Reading books, playing sports, socializing, learning new skills, traveling with familly, taking the time to think and not do all the time, is all time well spent. You don't have to be in a class room to learn. Kids have the rest of their lives to have all their time spoken for; summer break is a wonderful thing.

A "huge brain

A "huge brain drain"???

Wow, someone must have had an unpleasant childhood.  I loved every day of my summers out from school.  Some of the most fun, exciting times and adventures I ever had in life!

And a forced year round calendar

will never be shown to "increase" education in Wake County, because it just doesn't! 

"Brain drain"?  maybe for your kids! 

"... parents who did not want their children to learn throughout the year"  do you get out much?

research?

PlaybyPlay - just curious - for how long, and how extensively have you studied the issue of forcing year-round school attendance and/or traditional vs YR calendars? I have devoted the better part of 6 years to the subject, and wish I had the time and space to share with you the extensive amount of research that exists. Suffice it to say that, on the MYR issue, the dismal (at best) national track record speaks for itself. Just one small but recent example:

 

 Just this year, Virginia Beach school board members voted to convert 4 year-round elementary schools back to a traditional schedule, citing a savings of $792,000 for the district. According to the Virginia Pilot, an assistant superintendent that helped start the YR program recommended ending it, stating, “It’s the right thing to do…the wonderful things teachers do for the children…will not go away. Year-round is a schedule. Our teachers will still provide for these children.”  

                           

Here are some facts I gathered, and shared with county leaders, in April, 2006: 

 

Oh great-

the last three-forths of my post is lost "somewhere" - don't know if I'll kave time to re-do it now or not - I'll try.

 

AAAARRRGGGHHHHHHH!! 

Here's the rest (I hope!)

nope -

what's going on?

The Case Against YR

If you are unwilling to accept Bob's arguments, perhaps you will listen to those that tried it. YR has been tried and rejected at HUNDREDS of districts across the nation. Mandatory year round DOES NOT WORK. A small sample of those that abandoned YR:

 

JEFFERSON COUNTY - Schools in Jefferson County, Colorado abandoned the year-round calendar in 1989 after 13 years of year-round operation in approximately 50 district schools. Despite community protests, half of the district's schools went year-round beginning in 1974 to relieve overcrowding. The district reports no educational improvement or increased test scores. In fact, the decline in test scores in one high school led to decision to return to the traditional calendar. The community passed a $93 million school construction bond six years ago to get rid of year-round school. When the year-round issue threatened again in 1992, the community soundly defeated it, based on past experience. (Jefferson County School District information, 1991).

 

PRINCE WILLIAM COUNTY - After operating year-round schools for nine years, Prince William County, Virginia returned to a traditional calendar, basing their decision on little academic improvement, few cost benefits and parent reaction. According to Dr. Mary Weybright, supervisor of programs and planning, "There were not enough advantages to outweigh the disadvantages.

 

HOUSTON - Houston abandoned its first experiment with year-round schools after eight years, concluding the program was extremely expensive, it failed to relieve overcrowding and student achievement did not increase. School officials planned to save $6.9 million by eliminating funding necessary for the program.

 

ROMEOVILLE - In 1972, Romeoville, Illinois, a Chicago suburb, implemented a multi-track program in 16 schools to relieve overcrowding. According to John Lukancic, assistant superintendent of Valley View schools, they abandoned the schedule after eight years because of high operational costs of air conditioning and maintenance, difficulty in filling year-round administrative positions, and scheduling problems at the high school level.

 

ESCAMBIA - A district wide YRS proposal made in April 1999 for 70 schools was shelved a year later because of high costs incurred at the 10 YR experimental schools. It cost about $38,000 more per school to operate and the district will save $380,000 a year by switching back to a traditional calendar. School Board Chairman John DeWitt, a strong supporter of the year-round calendar, conceded the savings was too great to continue on a year-round schedule.

 

VALLEY VIEW - Began YR in 1970 but all 15 schools dropped it by 1980.This was the first community to try YR district wide. Higher utility costs were among the factors cited. School administrators found no academic advantage to the calendar, said Emmie Dunn, administrative assistant to the superintendent. "As one of our administrators said when the schedule ended, "After 10 years of year-round school, you're just plain tired,'" Dunn said.

 

AVON - Avon School Board cited the high costs of switching to a multi-track, 12-month school year in rejecting the idea as an answer to overcrowding. Increased costs cited included utilities, equipment repair and replacement, Janitorial care, bus maintenance and transportation. A representative of Indiana State University Services presented figures showing a 33 percent increase in operating expenses, based on data from year-round school districts in Texas and California. He also cited the YRS detriments to families, to education climate and extracurricular activities. The findings were based on two studies, one mandated by the Legislature in July 1995.

 

NYE COUNTY - The Nye County School District voted unanimously to end a three-year year-round calendar experiment after finding the no academic advantage to the schedule and added costs of $740,000 per year. All the data is in, and it's not educationally beneficial, School Board member Peggy Smith said.

 

ALBUQUERQUE - The number of YR calendar schools dwindled from 26 to 8 since the school board voted in 1994 to rescind mandated year-round schools. Individual schools can vote to remain on the YR calendar. Among those that voted to return to a traditional school year was Emerson Elementary, one of the model year-round school "success" stories featured in a government study, "Prisoners of Time," that served as a catalyst for school calendar experiments. A school board member said YRS "costs us fortunes" to operate and "academically, these schools were stalemating."

 

ROWAN-SALISBURY COUNTY - The school board began YR in two school in 1992, eventually dropping it in all schools. It dropped it at the middle school after two years, citing the doubled administrative workload, extra costs in transportation, cafeteria and energy, failure to make a difference in test scores, and the "us-and-them" morale problems created by offering dual calendars in the middle school.

 

RUTHERFORD COUNTY - A proposal for district wide year-round school was defeated in March 2001 after loud objections from parents. Dual calendars were approved for just two schools.A middle school in Murfreesboro and an elementary in Smyrna also pulled the plug on its year-round pilot schools in the 2002-03 school year, higher costs and parent opposition cited as the reasons.

 

SALEM-KEIZER - Began YR in 1993, dropped one school, then at the end of the 2000-01 school year dropped YR in four of the remaining seven schools for the new school year and made plans to eliminate YR in the remaining three schools in 2002. No definitive studies were made on the academic impact, though the district's special projects coordinator said the results have been mixed. Among the YRS-related reasons for abandoning the eight-year experiment: day care problems created for parents, attendance declines, scheduling difficulties for in-service training for teachers and learning distractions created by hot weather.

 

FORT WORTH INDEPENDENT - Tried YR in the 1970s then dropped it. Revived YR in 1992, then dropped 22 schools, including 8 middle schools. By 2000, 11 YR schools remained, then another seven were dropped by the 2001 school year, leaving 4 remaining YR schools. School officials reported no academic gains and declines in attendance at middle schools and high schools on a traditional calendar as a result of older siblings being taken out of school to baby-sit younger siblings during the year-round calendar frequent breaks.

 

 

Not against year-round schools, just the mandatory part

Before the big MYR push in 2006, there were (still are) voluntary year-round schools. The new school board supports voluntary calendar options. Even after MYR, there are still families who applied for voluntary year-round and were denied.

 

As for educational needs - tracks 2 and 3 are not 9 weeks in and 3 off. Track 2 is 6 in, 3 off, 9 in, 3 off, 3 in, Christmas break, 6 in, 3 off, 9 in, 3 off, 3 in, one week break, new grade start it all over again. This is NOT good for the educational needs of students that struggle with transitions. There are a number of reasons that YR does not work for some people that have NOTHING to do with vacation schedules.

When the bond was passed in

When the bond was passed in 2006, it was with a projection of 26,000 new students by the 90/10 school year.  The actual increase was 14,000.  Where did THAT money go?

You also need to understand that a big chunk of our school budget comes from the state, and that is where the draconian cuts took place.  People should be asking their state legislature why we are still building piers for Marc Basnight, why the "Education Lottery" is now just the plain old lottery, and why taxes are going up but we still cannot invest what is needed to give these kids a proper education.

As to MYR's making better use of teachers and school funding, poppycock.

1 add-on point on your post

"why taxes are going up but we still cannot invest what is needed to give these kids a proper education. "

When you add in all the $ from fed/state and local it equals roughly $8, 700 per pupil in WCPSS.  Check out elementary tuition at private schools and their are a lot that are less than this (a few that are more) and it is clear it is not the $ that are spent but the rigor and intangibles that matter in educating our children.   I agree with most of your posts and comments but there is pelnty of money/funding in our public schools already to properly educate our children more money is not the solution.

Don't get me wrong, I am

Don't get me wrong, I am not one that believes any problem can be fixed by throwing more money at it.  There's plenty of wasteful spending in our system which could be better spent on teachers....

1. $4.5M in public relations.

2. Top-heavy executive staff, all making six-figures.

3. Extra busing.

4. WCPSS subsidization of WEP.

The list goes on...  I don't know where more responsible spending is enough to get the job done.  I do know that when the state legislature raises taxes and cuts education while they are off building a "pier to nowhere" that these people have lost sight of what's important.

Still getting it wrong...

So, even under the most optimistic pro-year-round view, year-round schools don't help you eliminate bonds altogether; they just help you build fewer schools and (possibly) have smaller bonds, at least in theory.  In practice, year-round schools have achieved nowhere near the projected capacity increases, for a variety of reasons.  Heck, at my kids' school, the capacity actually WENT DOWN after the year-round conversion.

In answer to your question, teachers generally follow their students' schedules (at least in elementary schools where student have the same teacher all day).  But, on the year-round calendar, other personnel still need to be there year-round -- librarians, gym teachers, music teachers, office staff, safety patrol, lunch ladies, janitors, etc....  Plus, you need bus drivers and the cost of cooling a school in July is non-trivial.  And, don't forget bus drivers and their buses, which now wear out in 3/4 the time.  Heck,  shortly after the year-round conversion, the district discovered that many of its buses didn't have the air conditioning reasonably necessary to carry students around on a 95 degree July day.

The rest of the world is organized aronud the traditional school calender.  Consider this year, for example: year-round schools had already been in session for weeks by the time the General Assembly decided what the school budget was.  The annual sales tax holiday is intended to start *before school starts,* but occurs over a month into the year-round calendar.   Summer abroad programs happen during the summer, when students are expected to be out of school.  Families moving from city to city typically do so during the summer to avoid the mid-year shift, a plan which is stymied when they move to Wake county.  Summer camps, summer school, summer jobs, summer vacation, summer sports leagues, summer volunteer projects, summer at sea, etc....  They're all based on the traditional school calendar.  

As to your view that having students on different tracks could be cured by converting every school, year-round calender high schools just don't work at all.  How do you do Band when 1/4 of the kids are out at any time?  How do you run an AP class when the AP exam happens 1/2 way through the semester?  If you have 20 kids who want to take AP Statistics, do you offer 4 sessions of that class, one for the 5 kids on each track?   Do you make the kids move out of their lockers before track-out and assign them new ones when they come back?  How about allocating spots in the student parking lot?  What happens when the star quarterback or the lead in the musical track out?  Even the outgoing board rejected converting high schools as impractical.

The summer "brain drain" you cite is a myth -- see http://epicpolicy.org/files/Chapter04-Glass-Final.pdf  ("Alternative calendars on which the typical 180 days of schooling are offered (e.g., year-round calendars) show no increased benefits for student learning over the traditional 9-months-on/3-months-off calendar") 

Thanks Bob

thanks for correcting the mis-statement. We need to form a non-profit to provide accurate data and information on WCPSS. Mainly due to the current Board and administration but also for people like this poster )not sure if they made this coment from data they looked at or whether it is their own judgement/opinion.

Convert every school to year-round

Convert every school, all grades, to year-round and use the extra money to hire more teachers. It really is that simple. Stop wasting money funding traditional calendar schools.

Glad you're not in charge

You would've been voted out with that clueless position!

Umm

Most of the schools requesting waivers ARE year-round. YR schools have a much harder time balancing class sizes than traditional calendar schools due to different classrooms at the same grade level being on different schedules.

do not forgot unbalances tracks!

remember it is also due to them not forcing anyone into the less popular tracks

I'm not familiar

I'm not familiar with that aspect as I thankfully don't have MYR experience. The comment about balancing challenges in YR was from a staff member in what is largely a VYR.

 

My only experience is in VYR where you only applied for tracks you were willing to take. However, I know they've collapsed tracks and asked people to switch. That was to switch off 2 to 1, so don't think they had to resort to force (from 1 to 2 would have been another story I'm sure). How does it work with MYR - when a student starts at the school do you get to ask for a certain track (if so, do some get their request and others too bad, so sad) or do they just assign everyone to a random track automatically?

Ha!

That's wrong on just so many levels.  Where to start, where to start...

(1)  The money purportedly saved by year-round conversion comes, in theory, from not building schools.  Those schools would be paid for out of a capital budget from bonds.  Teacher salaries, in contrast, come from tax money.

(2)  Year-round schools only save money in theory, not in practice.  The year-round conversions a few years ago netted fewer than 2 additional seats per school.  Yet, those schools now all need year-round bus service, year-round cooling and maintenance and other support services on a year-round basis.  Those services cost something.

(3)  High schools, especially, are very difficult to convert to year-round because of electives and activities.  For example, a year-round high school that previously had a single French I class now needs FOUR French I classes to accommodate the different schedules.   Middle schools have similar issues, although not quite as extensively.

(4)  The traditional school calendar evolved as a coordination mechanism; switching to a year-round school deprives the Wake Schools, families in Wake Schools and the surrounding community of those benefits.  (Contrary to popular myth, the traditional calendar did not come out of agriculture. Farms need workers in the spring and fall a lot more than in the summer.)

Is that two extra existing

Is that two extra existing enrolled students, or two extra seats in potential capacity?  It's my understanding that all those unfilled tracks represent future capacity that will not require a new brick-and-mortar building if the area grows.

Don't get me wrong, I want to be sure every family who wants a traditional calendar school gets one.  I just think we'll have to build more buildings to accomplish that goal if the county starts growing again.  (growth projections are a different issue.) 

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About the blogger

T. Keung Hui covers Wake schools.

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